The Serie A powerhouse have chosen former Italy head coach Spalletti as their manager until the end of the season.
The 66-year-old replaces the Croatian manager, who was dismissed after the Serie A side's defeat by Lazio last weekend.
Tudor had joined the club in March to replace Thiago Motta but exited following a seven-month stint after an eight-game winless streak.
Under Spalletti, Napoli clinched the Serie A championship in 2022-23 prior to assuming the Italy role, which missed out on the 2022 World Cup during Roberto Mancini's tenure.
He helped them qualify for Euro 2024 but were eliminated in the round of 16 by Switzerland.
Yet, the Italian FA let Spalletti go in June post a qualifying defeat against Norway, as Italy faced the possibility of not making a third World Cup in a row.
Spalletti has also managed Inter Milan, Roma and Udinese in Serie A and lifted the Russian league trophy twice while at Zenit St Petersburg.
Juventus were temporarily led by Massimo Brambilla in the midweek 3-1 triumph over Udinese placing them seventh in the Serie A standings - trailing leaders Napoli by six points after nine matches.
In the Champions League, they sit 25th in the league phase, having lost once and drawn twice in their opening three matches.
